Fragen 151 bis 180

The Berlin Wall was built by the GDR on 13 August 1961 in order to stop its citizens from fleeing to the West. Great Britain and the USA were protecting powers of West Berlin and did not build a wall. The Federal Republic of Germany was the western part of the country and did not seal off its borders in this way.

Hitler became Reich Chancellor on 30 January 1933; Nazi rule ended with the capitulation in May 1945. 1918 to 1923 were the crisis years of the Weimar Republic, not the Nazi period. 1945 marked the start of the occupation period, and 1989 saw the end of the SED dictatorship in the GDR.

On 8 May 1945 Germany surrendered unconditionally, which ended the Second World War in Europe. Hitler had already died on 30 April 1945, and the building of the Wall began in 1961. Adenauer was elected Federal Chancellor in 1949, not in 1945.

The Second World War ended in Europe on 8 May 1945 with Germany's unconditional surrender. 1933 saw the start of Nazi rule, and in 1949 the two German states were founded. 1961 was the year the Berlin Wall was built.

The Nazi party under Adolf Hitler ruled from the seizure of power on 30 January 1933 until the capitulation in 1945. 1888 to 1918 was the era of the German Empire, and 1949 to 1963 the Adenauer era in the Federal Republic. 1921 to 1934 does not describe any period of German history.

Adolf Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor on 30 January 1933 and thus became head of government. In 1923 his putsch in Munich failed, and in 1927 he still held no government office. By 1936 he was already a dictator and had long been in office.

After 1933 the National Socialists dismantled all democratic rights and established a dictatorship. Germany had been a democracy in the Weimar Republic until 1933 and a monarchy until 1918. There had been no principality on German state territory since the nineteenth century.

The term "Third Reich" refers to the National Socialist dictatorship from 1933 to 1945. Germany had been a democracy in the Weimar Republic and a monarchy until 1918. A council republic existed only briefly in Bavaria and Munich in 1919.

There were no free elections after 1933, because the Nazi party banned all other parties and allowed only sham elections. Press censorship, arbitrary arrests and the persecution of Jews, by contrast, were part of everyday life in the Nazi state. That is why only "free elections" can be the correct answer.

The Second World War began in 1939 with the German attack on Poland and ended in 1945. The First World War lasted from 1914 to 1918, and the Vietnam War roughly from 1955 to 1975. The Gulf War took place in 1990/91.

The Nazi state was based on state racism and on the persecution and murder of Jews, Sinti and Roma and many other people. Freedom of opinion and freedom of religion were abolished and replaced by censorship and enforced conformity. Any democratic development was violently prevented.

Stauffenberg carried out the assassination attempt on Hitler on 20 July 1944; the bomb only injured Hitler, and Stauffenberg was executed the same day. He won no Olympic medal, and the Reichstag building was erected between 1884 and 1894. The build-up of the Wehrmacht was a measure of the Nazi government, not his achievement.

During the pogrom night of 9 to 10 November 1938, synagogues, Jewish shops and homes were destroyed. In 1925 and 1930 the Nazi dictatorship had not yet been established. By 1945 it had already ended, so the destruction occurred earlier.

On 9 November 1938 the pogrom night began, in which National Socialists and their supporters destroyed synagogues and Jewish shops. The attack on Poland followed on 1 September 1939. Hitler became Reich President in 1934, and free elections that the Nazi party could have lost no longer existed after 1933.

Konrad Adenauer was the first Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, from 1949 to 1963. Willy Brandt and Helmut Schmidt governed only in the 1970s, and Kiesinger from 1966 to 1969. None of them stood at the beginning of the Federal Republic.

At the Monday demonstrations of 1989 in Leipzig and other GDR cities, people shouted "We are the people" and demanded democracy. The popular uprising of 1953 had different slogans and was crushed by the military. The 1968 protests and the anti-nuclear demonstrations of 1985 were about other issues.

The four occupying powers in Germany were the USA, the Soviet Union, Great Britain and France. Poland and Sweden were not among them, and Italy and Japan were allies of Germany. Spain and Portugal were neutral and had no occupation zone.

Japan was not an Allied power but an ally of Germany and was itself occupied by the USA. The USA, the Soviet Union and France, together with Great Britain, divided Germany into four occupation zones. Japan alone is therefore not one of the occupying powers.

The Federal Republic of Germany was founded on 23 May 1949 with the promulgation of the Basic Law. The Second World War began in 1939 and ended in 1945. By 1951 the Federal Republic had already existed for two years.

From 1933 all parties except the Nazi party were banned, so a ban on parties did exist. Free development of the personality, freedom of the press and the protection of human dignity were abolished. These rights have been guaranteed only since 1949 by the Basic Law, above all in Articles 1 and 2.

The social market economy combines free competition based on supply and demand with state social policy, such as social insurance and redistribution. An economy guided solely by supply and demand would be a pure market economy without social balance. A state-planned economy ignoring supply and demand was the planned economy of the GDR.

The GDR was founded on 7 October 1949 in the Soviet occupation zone. In the American, British and French zones the Federal Republic of Germany was founded the same year. These three western zones were therefore not the territory on which the GDR was founded.

In 1951 the Federal Republic was a founding member of the European Coal and Steel Community, from which today's EU developed. It joined NATO in 1955 and the United Nations in 1973. The Warsaw Pact was the alliance of the GDR and the other Eastern bloc states.

The German Democratic Republic was founded on 7 October 1949, the same year as the Federal Republic. In 1947 there were only administrative structures in the Soviet zone, not yet a separate state. 1953 was the year of the popular uprising, and by 1956 the GDR had already existed for seven years.

In 1945 Germany was divided into four occupation zones: American, British, French and Soviet. Berlin additionally received four sectors. There were never three, five or six occupation zones.

The zones were arranged as follows: British in the north-west, Soviet in the east, American in the south and French in the south-west. The USA therefore held zone 3 and France zone 4. All other combinations mix up this allocation.

Berlin was divided into four sectors and administered jointly by the four Allies. Munich lay in the American zone and Dresden in the Soviet zone. Frankfurt (Oder) belonged to the Soviet zone and was not divided into sectors.

From June 1948 the Soviet Union blocked all land and water routes to West Berlin, so the Western Allies supplied the city by air. Cost or fear of attacks was not the reason. The airlift was an emergency solution, not the faster or cheaper route.

The war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945 with the unconditional surrender of the German armed forces. Hitler's death on 30 April 1945 was not legally the end of the war. Withdrawals and a revolution in Germany did not end the war.

Konrad Adenauer was the first Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic, from 1949 to 1963. Ludwig Erhard succeeded him in 1963, and Willy Brandt became Chancellor in 1969. Gerhard Schröder held office only from 1998 to 2005.